Personal pronouns.
The Akkusativ set

The same eight pronouns, shifted one case over. When a pronoun is the direct object of a sentence, it changes form. Some change completely. Some stay identical. Knowing which is which is half the job.

The eight Akkusativ pronouns

These pronouns are the direct object. They receive the action.

Nominativ (subject)	Akkusativ (object)	English
ich	mich	me
du	dich	you (informal)
er	ihn	him
sie	sie	her
es	es	it
wir	uns	us
ihr	euch	you all (informal)
sie · Sie	sie · Sie	them / you (formal)

What actually changes

Five pronouns change form. The rest stay exactly the same.

• ich becomes mich
• du becomes dich
• er becomes ihn
• wir becomes uns
• ihr becomes euch

sie, es, and Sie are unchanged. sie, es, Sie look identical. Context and color carry the meaning.

wen? is the Akkusativ question

wen? means "whom?" It is the Akkusativ version of wer?. Point it at the verb and ask: who is being acted upon? The answer is always Akkusativ. And when the answer is a pronoun, it is always one of these eight.

• Wen siehst du? → Ich seheihn. (Whom do you see? I see him.)
• Wen siehst du? → Er siehtmich. (Whom do you see? He sees me.)
• Wen kennst du? → Sie kenntuns. (Whom does she know? She knows us.)

The Akkusativ case in full: The German Akkusativ Case. And the question word that finds it: wen? The Akkusativ question word.

Subject and object in one sentence

Both pronouns can appear together. The color tells you instantly who does what.

• Er siehtmich. (He sees me.)
• Ich kennedich. (I know you.)
• Wir braucheneuch. (We need you all.)
• Sie hat ihn gesehen. (She saw him.)

Nominativ is the doer. Akkusativ is the receiver. The pronouns in this article are always Akkusativ.